Mayunitsi ambiri ndi mafakitale amagwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza mphira zotseguka.Mbali yake yaikulu ndi yakuti imakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu komanso kuyenda, ndipo ndiyoyenera kwambiri kusakaniza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphira, mphira wolimba, mphira wa siponji, etc.
Mukasakaniza ndi mphero yotseguka, dongosolo la dosing ndilofunika kwambiri.Nthawi zonse, mphira yaiwisi imayikidwa mumpata wodutsa kumapeto kwa gudumu lopondereza, ndipo mtunda wa mpukutuwo umayendetsedwa pafupifupi 2mm (tenga mwachitsanzo chosakaniza mphira cha 14-inch) ndikugudubuza kwa mphindi zisanu.Guluu yaiwisi imapangidwa kukhala filimu yosalala komanso yopanda malire, yomwe imakutidwa kutsogolo, ndipo pali kuchuluka kwa guluu wodziunjikira pa wodzigudubuza.mphira wosonkhanitsidwa amawerengera pafupifupi 1/4 ya kuchuluka kwa mphira yaiwisi, ndiyeno anti-aging agents ndi ma accelerator amawonjezedwa, ndipo mphirayo amapangidwa kangapo.Cholinga cha izi ndikupanga antioxidant ndi accelerator kuti azimwazikana mu guluu.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuwonjezera koyamba kwa antioxidant kungalepheretse kukalamba kwa kutentha komwe kumachitika panthawi yosakanikirana kwa mphira.Ndipo ma accelerator ena amakhala ndi pulasitiki pamagulu a rabara.Zinc oxide imawonjezeredwa.Mukathira kaboni wakuda, muyenera kuwonjezera pang'ono poyambira, chifukwa mphira wakuda wakuda umatuluka mumpukutuwo ukangowonjezeredwa.Ngati pali chizindikiro chilichonse chochotsa, siyani kuwonjezera mpweya wakuda, kenaka yikani mpweya wakuda mutatha kukulunga mphira mozungulira bwino.Pali njira zambiri zowonjezera mpweya wakuda.Makamaka zikuphatikizapo: 1. Onjezani mpweya wakuda pamodzi ndi kutalika kwa ntchito yodzigudubuza;2. Onjezani kaboni wakuda pakati pa chogudubuza;3. Onjezani pafupi ndi mbali imodzi ya baffle.M'malingaliro anga, njira ziwiri zomaliza zowonjezera mpweya wakuda ndizokonda, ndiko kuti, gawo limodzi lokha la degumming limachotsedwa pawodzigudubuza, ndipo sizingatheke kuchotsa chogudubuza chonse.Pambuyo pochotsa mphira pa mpukutuwo, mpweya wakuda umakanizidwa mosavuta mu flakes, ndipo sikophweka kumwazikana mutakulungidwanso.Makamaka pokanda mphira wolimba, sulfure amapanikizidwa kukhala ma flakes, omwe ndi ovuta kuwabalalitsa mu rabala.Palibe kuwongolera kapena kutsika kocheperako sikungasinthe malo achikasu a "thumba" omwe ali mufilimuyo.Mwachidule, powonjezera mpweya wakuda, onjezerani pang'onopang'ono.Osavutikira kutsanulira kaboni wakuda pa chogudubuza.Gawo loyamba la kuwonjezera mpweya wakuda ndi nthawi yofulumira kwambiri "kudya".Musawonjezere zofewetsa panthawiyi.Pambuyo powonjezera theka la carbon black, onjezerani theka la zofewa, zomwe zingathe kufulumizitsa "kudyetsa".Theka lina la zofewa limawonjezeredwa ndi kaboni wakuda wotsala.Powonjezera ufa, mtunda wa mpukutuwo uyenera kumasuka pang'onopang'ono kuti mphira wophatikizidwa mkati mwamtundu woyenera, kotero kuti ufa umalowa mwachibadwa mu mphira ndipo ukhoza kusakanikirana ndi mphira mpaka kufika pamtunda waukulu.Panthawiyi, ndizoletsedwa kudula mpeni, kuti musawononge ubwino wa mphira wa rabara.Pankhani ya zofewetsa kwambiri, mpweya wakuda ndi zofewa zitha kuwonjezeredwa mu phala.Asidi wa Stearic sayenera kuwonjezeredwa msanga kwambiri, ndizosavuta kuyambitsa, ndibwino kuti muwonjezerepo pakadali mpweya wakuda mu mpukutuwo, ndipo vulcanizing agent iyeneranso kuwonjezeredwa pambuyo pake.Zinthu zina zowononga vulcanizing zimawonjezedwanso pakadali mpweya wakuda pang'ono pa chogudubuza.Monga vulcanizing wothandizira DCP.Ngati mpweya wakuda wonse udyedwa, DCP idzatenthedwa ndikusungunuka kukhala madzi, omwe amagwera mu tray.Mwa njira iyi, chiwerengero cha vulcanizing agents mu pawiri chidzachepetsedwa.Zotsatira zake, mtundu wa mphira umakhudzidwa, ndipo ukhoza kuyambitsa vulcanization yosaphika.Choncho, wothandizira vulcanizing ayenera kuwonjezeredwa pa nthawi yoyenera, malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana.Pambuyo pa mitundu yonse ya zowonjezera zowonjezera, ndikofunikira kutembenukiranso kuti apange mphira wosakanikirana wosakanikirana.Kawirikawiri, pali "mipeni eyiti", "matumba a katatu", "kugudubuza", "zibalo zoonda" ndi njira zina zokhotakhota.
"Mipeni isanu ndi itatu" ikudula mipeni pakona ya 45 ° motsatira njira yofanana ya chogudubuza, kanayi mbali iliyonse.Guluu wotsalayo amapotozedwa 90 ° ndikuwonjezeredwa kwa wodzigudubuza.Cholinga chake ndi chakuti zinthu za mphira zimakulungidwa molunjika komanso zopingasa, zomwe zimathandiza kuti yunifolomu isakanike."Triangle bag" ndi thumba la pulasitiki lopangidwa ndi makona atatu ndi mphamvu ya chogudubuza."Kugudubuza" ndiko kudula mpeni ndi dzanja limodzi, kupukuta zinthu za rabara mu silinda ndi dzanja lina, ndikuziyika mu chogudubuza.Cholinga cha izi ndi kupanga mphira wa rabara wosakanikirana.Komabe, "thumba la katatu" ndi "kugudubuza" sizikuthandizira kutentha kwa zinthu za mphira, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuyambitsa, komanso zimakhala zogwira ntchito, choncho njira ziwirizi siziyenera kulimbikitsidwa.Kutembenuza nthawi kwa mphindi 5 mpaka 6.
Pambuyo posungunuka mphira, m'pofunika kuti muchepetse mphira.Zochita zatsimikizira kuti pawiri woonda pass ndi othandiza kwambiri kwa kubalalitsidwa wa compounding wothandizira mu pawiri.Njira yodutsa pang'onopang'ono ndikusinthira mtunda wozungulira mpaka 0.1-0.5 mm, kuyika zinthu za rabara mu chogudubuza, ndikuzisiya kuti zigwere mu thireyi yodyera mwachilengedwe.Ikagwa, tembenuzani mphira ndi 90 ° pa chodzigudubuza chapamwamba.Izi zikubwerezedwa 5 mpaka 6 nthawi.Ngati kutentha kwa zinthu za labala kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, imitsani njira yopyapyala, ndipo dikirani kuti zinthu za rabara zizizizire musanayambe kupatulira kuti zinthu za labala zisapse.
Pambuyo podutsa pang'onopang'ono, pezani mpukutuwo mtunda wa 4-5mm.Zinthu za rabara zisanalowe m’galimoto, kachidutswa kakang’ono ka mphira kamang’ambika n’kuikidwa m’magudumu.Cholinga chake ndi kutulutsa mtunda wa mpukutuwo, kuti ateteze makina osakaniza mphira kuti asamangidwe mwamphamvu ndi mphamvu yaikulu ndikuwononga zipangizo pambuyo pa kuchuluka kwa zinthu za rabara kudyetsedwa mu wodzigudubuza.Pambuyo ponyamula mphira pagalimoto, iyenera kudutsa pampata wa mpukutuwo kamodzi, ndikuyikulunga pampukutu wakutsogolo, pitirizani kuyitembenuza kwa mphindi 2 mpaka 3, ndikutsitsa ndikuziziritsa mu nthawi.Filimuyi ndi yaitali 80 cm, 40 cm mulifupi ndi 0.4 cm wandiweyani.Njira zoziziritsira zimaphatikizapo kuzirala kwachilengedwe komanso kuziziritsa kwa tanki yamadzi ozizira, kutengera momwe chipinda chilichonse chilili.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndikofunikira kupewa kukhudzana pakati pa filimu ndi nthaka, mchenga ndi dothi lina, kuti zisakhudze ubwino wa mphira wa rabara.
Mu kusakaniza ndondomeko, mpukutu mtunda ayenera mosamalitsa ankalamulira.Kutentha kofunikira pakusakanikirana kwa ma rubber aiwisi osiyanasiyana ndi kusakanikirana kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuuma kumakhala kosiyana, kotero kutentha kwa wodzigudubuza kuyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi momwe zilili.
Ogwira ntchito ena osakaniza mphira ali ndi malingaliro awiri olakwika otsatirawa: 1. Amaganiza kuti nthawi yayitali yosakaniza ndipamwamba kwambiri.Izi sizili choncho muzochita, pazifukwa zomwe tafotokozazi.2. Zimakhulupirira kuti mofulumira kuchuluka kwa guluu wosonkhanitsidwa pamwamba pa wodzigudubuza kumawonjezeredwa, mofulumira kusakaniza kudzakhala.M'malo mwake, ngati palibe guluu wosonkhanitsidwa pakati pa odzigudubuza kapena guluu wosonkhanitsidwa ndi wocheperako, ufawo umakanikizidwa mosavuta mu flakes ndikugwera mu tray yodyera.Mwa njira iyi, kuwonjezera pa kukhudza ubwino wa mphira wosakanikirana, thireyi yodyera iyenera kutsukidwa kachiwiri, ndipo ufa wogwa umawonjezeredwa pakati pa odzigudubuza, omwe amabwerezedwa nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimatalikitsa nthawi yosakaniza ndikuwonjezera ntchito. mphamvu.Zoonadi, ngati kudzikundikira kwa guluu kuli kochuluka, kusakaniza kwa ufa kumachepetsedwa.Zitha kuwoneka kuti guluu wochuluka kapena wochepa kwambiri sibwino kusakaniza.Choncho, payenera kukhala kuchuluka kwa guluu anasonkhanitsa pakati odzigudubuza pa kusakaniza.Pakukanda, mbali imodzi, ufa umafinyidwa mu guluu ndi mphamvu yamakina.Zotsatira zake, nthawi yosakaniza imafupikitsidwa, mphamvu ya ntchito imachepetsedwa, ndipo ubwino wa mphira wa rabara ndi wabwino.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-18-2022
