Zotsatira za vulcanization pa kapangidwe ndi katundu wa mphira

Zotsatira za vulcanization pamapangidwe ndi katundu:

Popanga zinthu za mphira, vulcanization ndiye gawo lomaliza lokonzekera.Pochita izi, mphira amakumana ndi zovuta zingapo zamakina, kusintha kuchokera ku mzere wozungulira kupita ku mawonekedwe a thupi, kutaya pulasitiki ya mphira wosakanikirana ndikukhala ndi kusungunuka kwakukulu kwa mphira wolumikizana ndi mtanda, potero amapeza bwino kwambiri thupi ndi makina. katundu, kukana kutentha Magwiridwe, kukana zosungunulira ndi kukana dzimbiri kumapangitsanso mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu za rabala.

Pamaso vulcanization: liniya kapangidwe, intermolecular mogwirizana ndi van der Waals mphamvu;

Katundu: pulasitiki wamkulu, elongation mkulu, ndi solubility;

Pa nthawi ya vulcanization: molekyulu imayambitsidwa, ndipo kugwirizana kwa mankhwala kumachitika;

Pambuyo vulcanization: maukonde kapangidwe, intermolecular ndi zomangira mankhwala;

Kapangidwe:

(1) Chigwirizano cha Chemical;

(2) Udindo wa chomangira cholumikizira;

(3) Digiri yolumikizirana;

(4) Kulumikizana;.

Katundu:

(1) Mechanical properties (nthawi zonse elongation mphamvu. Kuuma. Kulimba mphamvu. Elongation. Elasticity);

(2) Zinthu zakuthupi

(3) Chemical bata pambuyo vulcanization;

Kusintha kwa zinthu za raba:

Kutenga mphira wachilengedwe mwachitsanzo, ndikuwonjezeka kwa digiri ya vulcanization;

(1) Kusintha kwa zinthu zamakanika (kulasticity. Kugwetsa mphamvu. Mphamvu yotalikira. Mphamvu yamisozi. Kulimba) kuonjeza (elongation. Compress set. Kutopa kutentha kutulutsa) kutsika

(2) Kusintha kwa thupi, kutulutsa mpweya ndi kuchepa kwa madzi, sikungasungunuke, kumangotupa, kumawonjezera kutentha

(3) Kusintha kwa kukhazikika kwa mankhwala

Kuchulukitsa kukhazikika kwamankhwala, zifukwa

a.Zomwe zimagwirizanitsa zimachititsa kuti magulu ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala kapena maatomu asakhalenso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti ukalamba upitirire.

b.Mapangidwe a netiweki amalepheretsa kufalikira kwa mamolekyu otsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti ma radicals amphira azifalikira.

Kusankha ndi Kutsimikiza kwa Mikhalidwe Yowonongeka kwa Rubber

1. Vulcanization pressure

(1) Kuponderezedwa kumafunika kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamene zinthu za labala zawonongeka.Cholinga chake ndi:

a.Pewani mphira kuti asatulutse thovu ndikuwongolera kuphatikizika kwa mphira;

b.Pangani zinthu za rabara kuti ziyende ndikudzaza nkhungu kuti mupange zopangira zomveka bwino

c.Sinthani kumamatira pakati pa wosanjikiza aliyense (zomatira wosanjikiza ndi nsalu wosanjikiza kapena zitsulo wosanjikiza, nsalu wosanjikiza ndi nsalu wosanjikiza) mu mankhwala, ndi kusintha katundu thupi (monga flexural kukana) wa vulcanizate.

(2) Nthawi zambiri, kusankha kwa vulcanization kuthamanga kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi mtundu wa mankhwala, chilinganizo, pulasitiki ndi zinthu zina.

(3) Kwenikweni, malamulo otsatirawa ayenera kutsatiridwa: pulasitiki ndi yaikulu, kupanikizika kuyenera kukhala kochepa;makulidwe a mankhwala, kuchuluka kwa zigawo, ndi mawonekedwe ovuta ayenera kukhala okulirapo;kupsinjika kwa zinthu zoonda kuyenera kukhala kocheperako, ndipo ngakhale kukakamiza kwabwinobwino kungagwiritsidwe ntchito

Pali njira zingapo za vulcanization ndi pressurization:

(1) Pampu ya hydraulic imasamutsa kukakamizidwa kupita ku nkhungu kudzera pa vulcanizer yathyathyathya, ndiyeno imasamutsira kukakamiza kumagulu a mphira kuchokera ku nkhungu.

(2) Kupanikizidwa mwachindunji ndi vulcanizing medium (monga nthunzi)

(3) Kupanikizidwa ndi mpweya woponderezedwa

(4) Jekeseni ndi makina a jakisoni

2. Vulcanization kutentha ndi kuchiritsa nthawi

Kutentha kwa vulcanization ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuchita kwa vulcanization.Kutentha kwa vulcanization kungakhudze mwachindunji kuthamanga kwa vulcanization, khalidwe la mankhwala ndi ubwino wachuma wa bizinesi.The vulcanization kutentha ndi mkulu, ndi vulcanization liwiro ndi kudya, ndi dzuwa kupanga ndi mkulu;mwinamwake, kupanga bwino kumakhala kochepa.

Kuonjezera kutentha kwa vulcanization kungayambitse mavuto otsatirawa;

(1) Imayambitsa kusweka kwa ma molekyulu a rabara ndi kusintha kwa vulcanization, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa makina a rabala.

(2) Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya nsalu muzinthu za mphira

(3) Nthawi yotentha yamagulu a rabara imafupikitsidwa, nthawi yodzaza imachepetsedwa, ndipo mankhwalawo akusowa pang'ono mu guluu.

(4) Chifukwa zinthu zakuda zimawonjezera kutentha kwapakati ndi kunja kwa chinthucho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale vulcanization.