Mphamvu ya vulcanization pa kapangidwe ndi katundu wa mphira

Zotsatira za vulcanization pamapangidwe ndi katundu wa rabara:

Vulcanization ndi gawo lofunikira popanga zinthu za mphira, zomwe ndi njira yosinthira kuchokera ku mzere wozungulira kupita ku thupi, kubweretsa kusintha kwakukulu kuphatikiza mawonekedwe akuthupi ndi makina, kukana kutentha, kukana zosungunulira, komanso kukana dzimbiri, kukulitsa mtengo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. osiyanasiyana mankhwala.

Mapangidwe ndi katundu wa mphira amasintha kwambiri isanayambe kapena itatha vulcanization.Mamolekyu a mphira asanafike vulcanization amakhala ndi mzere wokhala ndi mphamvu za van der Waals zomwe zimagwira ntchito pakati pawo, zikuwonetsa pulasitiki yabwino komanso elongation, komanso kusungunuka.Panthawi ya vulcanization, mamolekyu amayambitsidwa ndikuchitapo kanthu polumikizana ndi mankhwala, ndikupanga maukonde pomwe mamolekyu amamangiriridwa ndi zomangira za mankhwala.

Kapangidwe ndi katundu wa rabara wovunda makamaka ndi:

Kapangidwe: zomangira zamagulu, malo olumikizirana, digiri ya kulumikizana, ndi kulumikizana

Magwiridwe: Zimango (mphamvu elongation nthawi zonse, kuuma, kulimba kwamphamvu, elongation, elasticity), katundu wakuthupi, kukhazikika kwamankhwala pambuyo pa vulcanization

The vulcanization ndondomeko akhoza kwambiri kusintha katundu mphira.Kutenga mphira wachilengedwe mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa vulcanization kumawonjezeka:

Kusintha kwa makina amakina: kuchulukira kwamphamvu, kulimba kwamphamvu, kulimba kwamphamvu, kung'ambika, kuuma, kuchepa kwa kutalika, kupindika kwanthawi zonse, komanso kutulutsa kutentha kwa kutopa.

Kusintha kwa zinthu zakuthupi: Kutsika kwa mpweya ndi kuchepa kwa madzi, sikungasungunuke, kumangotupa, kukana kutentha kumapita bwino, kukhazikika kwa mankhwala kumayenda bwino, kusokonezana kumathetsa magulu kapena maatomu omwe akugwira ntchito kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukalamba ukhale wovuta kuchita.Mawonekedwe a netiweki amalepheretsa kufalikira kwa mamolekyu otsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti ma radicals aulere azitha kufalikira.

Mikhalidwe ya vulcanization, kuphatikizapo kupanikizika, kutentha, ndi nthawi, ndizinthu zazikulu zomwe zimatsimikizira zotsatira za vulcanization.Kuthamanga kwa vulcanization kumakhudza kwambiri kupewa kupangika kwa thovu muzinthu za rabara, kukonza kuphatikizika kwa zinthu za rabara, ndikudzaza nkhungu ndi zinthu za rabara.Ikhozanso kuwongolera kumamatira pakati pa zigawo zosiyanasiyana (wosanjikiza mphira ndi wosanjikiza wa nsalu kapena chitsulo, wosanjikiza wa nsalu ndi wosanjikiza wa nsalu) muzogulitsa, ndikusintha mawonekedwe a mphira wovunda (monga kukana kupindika).

Kutentha kwa vulcanization ndi chikhalidwe choyambira cha vulcanization, chomwe chingakhudze mwachindunji kuthamanga kwa vulcanization, khalidwe lazogulitsa, ndi phindu lachuma la bizinesi.Kukweza kutentha kwa vulcanization kumatha kufulumizitsa kuthamanga kwa vulcanization ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, koma kutentha kwambiri kwa vulcanization kumatha kubweretsa zovuta monga kusweka kwa ma molekyulu a mphira, kusinthika kwa vulcanization, kuchepa kwamakina a zida za mphira, komanso kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa nsalu.Ikhozanso kufupikitsa nthawi yotentha ya zipangizo za labala, kuchititsa kusowa kwa labala m'deralo komanso kusokonezeka kwa zinthu.Choncho, kusankha kutentha kwa vulcanization kuyenera kuganizira mozama zinthu monga mtundu wa rabara, dongosolo la vulcanization, ndi kapangidwe kazinthu.

Kuzindikira mikhalidwe ya vulcanization - kuphatikiza kupanikizika, kutentha, ndi nthawi - ndizovuta zomwe zimafunikira kulingalira zinthu zingapo.

Vulcanization pressure: Kusankha kwa vulcanization pressure makamaka kumadalira kapangidwe ndi zofunikira za zinthu za mphira.Kawirikawiri, kusankha kupanikizika kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi mawonekedwe, kukula, ndi zovuta za mankhwala a rabara.Kupanikizika kwakukulu, kumapangitsanso kuti madzi a mphira azikhala bwino, omwe amatha kudzaza nkhungu.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuthamanga kwapamwamba kungathe kuteteza mbadwo wa thovu ndikuwongolera kusakanikirana kwa mankhwala.Komabe, kupanikizika kwambiri kungayambitse kuthamanga kwambiri kwa zinthu za rabara, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa mawonekedwe a mankhwala.

Sulfurization kutentha: The vulcanization kutentha mwachindunji zimakhudza liwiro ndi khalidwe vulcanization anachita.The apamwamba kutentha, mofulumira ndi vulcanization anachita, koma zingachititse kusweka kwa mphira maselo unyolo, zimakhudza thupi katundu wa mankhwala.Kutentha koyenera kwa vulcanization kumatha kutsimikizira kuthamanga kwabwino kwa vulcanization popanda kuwononga kwambiri matenthedwe azinthu za rabara.

Sulfurization nthawi: Nthawi ya vulcanization imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kutentha kwa vulcanization.Kutentha kwapamwamba kungafunike nthawi zazifupi za vulcanization, ndi mosemphanitsa.Nthawi zambiri, nthawi yosankha vulcanization iyenera kuganizira mtundu wa zinthu za rabara, kutentha kwa vulcanization, komanso makulidwe a chinthucho.Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yowonongeka yomwe imatsimikiziridwa kudzera muzoyesera imatha kuwonetsetsa kuti zida za mphira zimakwaniritsa bwino makina komanso kukana kukalamba.

Ponseponse, kudziwa mikhalidwe ya vulcanization ndi njira yomwe imafunikira kulingalira mozama kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga mtundu wa zinthu za mphira, mawonekedwe azinthu, zida za vulcanization, ndi zina. Pakupanga kwenikweni, nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira kuchita zoyeserera zingapo ndikuwongolera pang'onopang'ono mikhalidwe ya vulcanization. kuti mupeze magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri.