Rubber ndi mtundu wa zinthu zotanuka kwambiri za polima, pansi pa mphamvu yazing'ono zakunja, zimatha kusonyeza kupunduka kwakukulu, ndipo mphamvu yakunja ikachotsedwa, imatha kubwerera ku mawonekedwe ake oyambirira.Chifukwa cha elasticity mkulu wa mphira, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito cushioning, shockproof, dynamic kusindikiza, etc. Ntchito mu makampani osindikizira zikuphatikizapo odzigudubuza mphira osiyanasiyana ndi zofunda kusindikiza.Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa mafakitale a labala, mankhwala a mphira apangidwa kuchokera ku ntchito imodzi ya mphira wachilengedwe kupita ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphira.
1. Labala wachilengedwe
Labala yachilengedwe imakhala ndi ma hidrokaboni a rabara (polyisoprene), okhala ndi mapuloteni pang'ono, madzi, ma resin acids, shuga ndi mchere wosakhazikika.Raba wachilengedwe amakhala ndi kuthanuka kwakukulu, kulimba kwamphamvu kwambiri, kukana kugwetsa misozi komanso kutsekereza magetsi, kukana kuvala bwino komanso kukana chilala, kutheka bwino, mphira wachilengedwe ndi wosavuta kulumikizana ndi zida zina, ndipo magwiridwe ake onse ndiabwino kuposa mphira wambiri wopangira.Zofooka za mphira wachilengedwe ndizovuta kukana mpweya ndi ozoni, zosavuta kukalamba ndi kuwonongeka;kukana kukana mafuta ndi zosungunulira, kukana kutsika kwa asidi ndi zamchere, kukana kwa dzimbiri;kukana kutentha kochepa.The ntchito kutentha osiyanasiyana mphira zachilengedwe: pafupifupi -60℃~ + 80℃.Labala wachilengedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matayala, nsapato za rabala, mapaipi, matepi, zotchingira zotchingira ndi mawaya ndi zingwe, ndi zinthu zina wamba.Labala lachilengedwe ndiloyenera kupanga zotulutsa zotulutsa zozungulira, zolumikizira injini, zothandizira pamakina, zoyimitsidwa ndi mphira-zitsulo, ma diaphragms, ndi zinthu zopangidwa.
2. SBR
SBR ndi copolymer wa butadiene ndi styrene.Kuchita kwa mphira wa styrene-butadiene kuli pafupi ndi mphira wachilengedwe, ndipo pakali pano ndiko kupanga kwakukulu kwa rabara yopangidwa ndi cholinga chonse.Makhalidwe a rabara ya styrene-butadiene ndikuti kukana kwake kuvala, kukana kukalamba ndi kukana kutentha kumaposa mphira wachilengedwe, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi ofanana kwambiri kuposa mphira wachilengedwe.Zoyipa za mphira wa styrene-butadiene ndi: kutsika pang'ono, kusasunthika kosasunthika komanso kutulutsa misozi;kusagwira bwino ntchito, makamaka kusadzimatira komanso kutsika kwamphamvu kwa rabala wobiriwira.Kutentha kwa mphira wa styrene-butadiene: pafupifupi -50℃~+100℃.Rabara ya styrene butadiene imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'malo mwa mphira wachilengedwe kupanga matayala, mapepala a rabala, mapaipi, nsapato za rabala ndi zinthu zina wamba.
3. mphira wa nitrile
Nitrile rabara ndi copolymer wa butadiene ndi acrylonitrile.Labala ya Nitrile imadziwika ndi kukana kwake bwino kwa mafuta a petulo ndi aliphatic hydrocarbon mafuta, yachiwiri ndi rabala ya polysulfide, acrylic ester ndi rabala ya fluorine, pomwe mphira wa nitrile ndi wapamwamba kuposa mphira wina aliyense.Kukana kutentha kwabwino, kulimba kwa mpweya wabwino, kukana kuvala ndi kukana madzi, komanso kumamatira mwamphamvu.Kuipa kwa mphira wa nitrile ndi kusakanizidwa bwino kwa kuzizira ndi kukana kwa ozoni, kutsika kwa mphamvu ndi kusungunuka, kusamva bwino kwa asidi, kutsekemera kwa magetsi, ndi kusakanizidwa bwino ndi zosungunulira za polar.Kutentha kwa mphira wa nitrile: pafupifupi -30℃~+100℃.Labala ya Nitrile imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana zosagwira mafuta, monga ma hoses, zosindikiza, zodzigudubuza mphira, etc.
4. Labala ya nitrile ya haidrojeni
Hydrogenated nitrile rabara ndi copolymer ya butadiene ndi acrylonitrile.mphira wa hydrogenated nitrile amapezedwa ndi hydrogenated kwathunthu kapena pang'ono zomangira ziwiri mu butadiene wa NBR.Labala ya haidrojeni nitrile imadziwika ndi mphamvu yayikulu yamakina ndi kukana kwa abrasion, kukana kutentha kuli bwino kuposa NBR ikalumikizidwa ndi peroxide, ndi zinthu zina ndizofanana ndi mphira wa nitrile.Kuipa kwa mphira wa hydrogenated nitrile ndi mtengo wake wapamwamba.Kutentha kwa mphira wa hydrogenated nitrile: pafupifupi -30℃+ 150℃.Labala ya nitrile ya haidrojeni imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazinthu zosindikiza zosagwira mafuta komanso kutentha kwambiri.
5. Ethylene propylene rabara
Ethylene propylene rabara ndi copolymer wa ethylene ndi propylene, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagawidwa kukhala mphira wa yuan ethylene propylene ndi mphira wa yuan ethylene propylene.Rabara ya ethylene-propylene imadziwika ndi kukana bwino kwa ozoni, kukana kwa ultraviolet, kukana kwanyengo komanso kukana kukalamba, kukhala woyamba pakati pa mphira wofuna zambiri.Ethylene-propylene rabara imakhala ndi magetsi abwino, kukana mankhwala, kusinthasintha kwamphamvu, asidi ndi kukana kwa alkali, mphamvu yokoka yotsika, ndipo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudzaza kwambiri.Kukana kutentha kumatha kufika 150°C, ndipo imagonjetsedwa ndi polar solvents-ketones, esters, etc., koma ethylene propylene mphira sagonjetsedwa ndi aliphatic hydrocarbons ndi mafuta onunkhira a hydrocarbon.Zina zakuthupi ndi zamakina za rabala ya ethylene propylene ndizotsika pang'ono kuposa mphira wachilengedwe komanso wapamwamba kuposa rabala wa styrene butadiene.Kuipa kwa mphira wa ethylene-propylene ndikuti umakhala wosadzimatira komanso kumamatira, ndipo sikophweka kugwirizana.Kutentha kwa mphira wa ethylene propylene: pafupifupi -50℃+ 150℃.Ethylene-propylene mphira amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati zida zamagetsi akalowa, waya ndi chingwe sheathing, payipi nthunzi, kutentha zosagwira lamba conveyor, mankhwala mphira galimoto ndi zinthu zina mafakitale.
6. Mpira wa silicone
Rabara ya silicone ndi mphira wapadera wokhala ndi silicon ndi ma atomu okosijeni mu unyolo waukulu.Silicon element imagwira ntchito yayikulu mu rabara ya silicone.Makhalidwe akuluakulu a mphira wa silikoni ndi onse kukana kutentha kwambiri (mpaka 300°C) ndi otsika kutentha kukana (otsika -100°C).Pakali pano ndi mphira wabwino kwambiri wosamva kutentha;nthawi yomweyo, mphira silikoni ali kwambiri kutchinjiriza magetsi ndi wokhazikika kwa matenthedwe okosijeni ndi ozoni.Imakana kwambiri komanso imalowa m'thupi.Kuipa kwa mphira wa silikoni ndi mphamvu yotsika yamakina, kukana kwamafuta ochepa, kukana zosungunulira, asidi ndi kukana kwa alkali, zovuta vulcanize, komanso zodula.Kutentha kwa mphira wa silicone: -60℃~+200℃.Rabara ya silikoni imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga zinthu zolimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kutsika (mapaipi, zisindikizo, ndi zina), komanso waya wosamva kutentha kwambiri komanso kutsekereza chingwe.Chifukwa ndi wopanda poizoni komanso wosakoma, mphira wa silikoni umagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mafakitale azakudya ndi azachipatala.
7. Mpira wa polyurethane
Rabara ya polyurethane ili ndi elastomer yopangidwa ndi polymerization ya poliyesitala (kapena polyether) ndi diisocyanate mankhwala.Rabara ya polyurethane imadziwika ndi kukana bwino kwa abrasion, yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yonse ya mphira;mphira wa polyurethane ali ndi mphamvu zambiri, elasticity yabwino komanso kukana mafuta.Rabara ya polyurethane ndi yabwino kwambiri pakukana kwa ozoni, kukana kukalamba, komanso kulimba kwa mpweya.Kuipa kwa rabara ya polyurethane ndi kusagwira bwino kwa kutentha, kusagwira bwino kwa madzi ndi alkali, komanso kusamva bwino kwa ma hydrocarbon onunkhira, ma chlorinated hydrocarbons, ndi zosungunulira monga ma ketoni, esters, ndi mowa.Kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa mphira wa polyurethane: pafupifupi -30℃~ + 80℃.Rabara ya polyurethane imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matayala pafupi ndi magawo, ma gaskets, zinthu zosagwedezeka, zodzigudubuza za rabala, ndi zinthu za labala zosavala, zamphamvu kwambiri komanso zosagwira mafuta.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-07-2021
