Kupanga rabara ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri popanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana za rabara. Makina awiri akuluakulu ndi omwe amalamulira gawoli: chosakanizira chamkati (monga chosakanizira cha Banbury) ndi mphero yotseguka ya mipiringidzo iwiri. Ngakhale kuti zonsezi cholinga chake ndi kufalitsa zowonjezera mu maziko a rabara, mfundo zawo zogwirira ntchito, njira zawo, ndi zotsatira zake zimasiyana kwambiri. China imapereka chakudya chapamwamba kwambiri cha rabara chamzere wautali, Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe ntchito yokonza zinthu imayendera pang'onopang'ono pa chilichonse.
Njira Yogwiritsira Ntchito Chosakaniza Chamkati
Chosakaniza chamkati chimagwira ntchito ngati njira yotsekera komanso yosakanikirana mwamphamvu kwambiri. Njirayi imayamba ndi kutentha chipinda chosakaniza mpaka pafupifupi 50–80°C ndikuonetsetsa kuti ma rotor ndi oyera. Kenako, polima wa rabara (monga rabara wachilengedwe kapena SBR) amaperekedwa kudzera mu hopper. Ram imatsika, ikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, ndipo ma rotor amayamba kuzungulira pa liwiro losiyanasiyana (nthawi zambiri 20–60 rpm). Kudula kwambiri ndi kukangana kumapanga kutentha, kupanga ma roller a rabara a carbon fiber, kufewetsa rabala mkati mwa mphindi 1–2.
Pambuyo poti polima yawonongeka, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amanyamula nkhosa yamphongo ndikuwonjezera zowonjezera zolimba - kaboni wakuda, silica, mafuta, ndi zothandizira kukonza - kudzera mu hopper motsatira ndondomeko yokonzedweratu. Zinc oxide ndi stearic acid nthawi zambiri zimatsatira, kenako ma accelerator ndi sulfure amawonjezedwa pambuyo pake (pokhapokha pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosakanizira ya magawo awiri kuti apewe kutentha). Nkhosa yamphongo imatsitsidwanso, ndipo kusakaniza kumapitilira kwa mphindi 3-5 zonse. Kutentha kwa chipinda kumatha kufika 120-160°C. Kusinthana bwino kwa kutentha kudzera m'majekete ozizira ndi madzi kumaletsa kutentha kwambiri.
Akangobalalitsidwa, wogwiritsa ntchito amatsegula chitseko chotsitsa pansi, ndipo chosakanizacho chimatulutsidwa ngati chotupa. Chozungulira cha silicone rabara chopangidwa ku China, nthawi zambiri chimakhala mphindi 5-8. Chosakaniza chamkati chimachita bwino kwambiri popanga zinthu zambiri, kupereka kufalikira kosalekeza, fumbi lochepa, komanso kufunikira kochepa kwa ogwira ntchito. Komabe, sichingathe kunyamula mosavuta zosakaniza zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kutentha popanda kutsata bwino malamulo.
Njira Yogwiritsira Ntchito Mphero Yotseguka (Mphero Yokhala ndi Ma Rolo Awiri)
Mphero yotseguka ili ndi mipukutu iwiri yopingasa yozungulira yokhala ndi mipata yosinthika ndi chiŵerengero cha kukangana. Kutenthetsa mipukutuyo kufika pa 40–60°C ndikofunikira kuti imamatire. Njirayi imayamba ndi kulowetsa mphira wosaphika mu mpata (mpata pakati pa mipukutu). Mphirayo imapanga gombe lozungulira ndikuzungulira mpukutu wakutsogolo. Wogwiritsa ntchito mpheroyo amadula, kupinda, ndikudyetsanso mphirayo pamanja kuti iwonongeke ndi kufewa - njira yotchedwa "kugaya" yomwe imatenga mphindi 3-5.
Kenako zowonjezera zimayikidwa pang'onopang'ono. Ufa ngati kaboni wakuda umathiridwa pa gombe lozungulira, pomwe mafuta amathiridwa pang'onopang'ono kuti asagwe. Mosiyana ndi chosakanizira chotsekedwa, wogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse amagwiritsa ntchito spatula kapena mpeni kudula chosakanizacho, kuchipinda, ndikupanga "gombe lozungulira" kuti agwirizane ndi zinthu. Kuti asakanize bwino, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amatha "kusakaniza" (kudula ndi kutembenuza pepala) kapena "kupindika katatu" (kupindika kukhala mawonekedwe a katatu). Mpata wa mphero umachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono kuti uwonjezere kudulidwa.
Zosakaniza zonse zikangoyamba kufalikira mofanana (nthawi zambiri patatha mphindi 10-20), chosakanizacho chimayikidwa ngati mzere wopitilira kapena kudula m'magawo. Kulamulira kutentha kumachitika ndi manja - kuyenda kwa madzi kudzera m'ma rolls kumachotsa kutentha, koma kutentha kwambiri kumatha kuchitika ngati kusakaniza kwakhala nthawi yayitali. Mphero yotseguka imapereka kusinthasintha kwa magulu ang'onoang'ono, kusintha kwa mitundu, ndi zinthu zina zodziwika bwino (monga zomwe zili ndi ma accelerator othamanga kwambiri). Komabe, imafuna luso lapamwamba logwiritsa ntchito, imayika antchito pa fumbi ndi kutentha, ndipo imakhala ndi ntchito yochepa.
Kusiyana Kwakukulu mu Kuyenda kwa Njira
Chosakaniza Chamkati Chotseguka Chopangira Mphero
Nthawi yoyendera njinga mphindi 5–8 mphindi 10–20
Mphamvu ya ntchito Yochepa (yodzipangira yokha) Yapamwamba (pamanja)
Kutuluka kwa fumbi Kochepa Kwambiri
Kuwongolera kutentha Kwabwino Kwambiri (kovala jekete) Pakati
Kukula kwa gulu Lalikulu (50–500 kg) Laling'ono (1–50 kg)
Mwachidule, chosakanizira chamkati chimakondedwa pakupanga zinthu zazikulu, zogwira ntchito bwino, komanso zoyera, pomwe mphero yotseguka imakhalabe yofunika kwambiri pamagulu ang'onoang'ono, mankhwala apadera, komanso ntchito za labotale. Mafakitale ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zonse motsatizana: kusakaniza kwamkati kuti kufalikira koyambirira, kutsatiridwa ndi kugaya kotseguka kuti kuziziritse, kuwonjezera mankhwala, ndi mapepala omaliza. Kumvetsetsa njira izi kumathandiza opanga zinthu kusankha chida choyenera pa ntchito iliyonse.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-03-2026
