1. Chozungulira cha inki
Chozungulira cha inki chimatanthauza makanda onse omwe ali mu dongosolo lopereka inki. Ntchito ya chozungulira cha inki ndikupereka inki yosindikizira ku mbale yosindikizira mwanjira yochuluka komanso yofanana. Chozungulira cha inki chingagawidwe m'magulu atatu: kunyamula inki, kusamutsa inki ndi kudalira mbale. Chozungulira chonyamula inki chimatchedwanso chozungulira cha inki. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa inki yochuluka kuchokera mu chidebe cha inki nthawi iliyonse kenako n’kuchisamutsa ku chozungulira chosinthira inki (chomwe chimatchedwanso chozungulira cha inki chofanana). Chozungulira chosinthira inki chimalandira inki izi ndikuzigawa mofanana kuti zipange filimu yofanana ya inki, yomwe imasamutsidwa ku chozungulira chosungira mbale, chomwe chimayang'anira kugawa inki mofanana pa mbale. Pakadali pano, ntchito ya chozungulira cha inki yatha. Kugawa inki mofanana kumatsirizidwa pang'onopang'ono mu njira yosamutsira makanda angapo motsatizana. Mu njirayi, kuwonjezera pa makanda, pali makanda olimba ndi otchedwa makanda a inki. Mu makina osindikizira a offset, makanda ndi makanda olimba nthawi zonse amakonzedwa nthawi ndi nthawi, ndikupanga kugawanika kofewa komanso kolimba, dongosololi limakhala lothandiza kwambiri pakusamutsa ndi kugawa inki. Ntchito ya inki yozungulira imatha kulimbitsa kufalikira kwa inki mozungulira. Ikagwira ntchito, inki yozungulira imatha kuzungulira ndikuyenda mozungulira, motero imatchedwa inki yozungulira.
2. Chozungulira chonyowa
Chopopera madzi ndi chopopera cha rabara chomwe chili mu dongosolo loperekera madzi, chofanana ndi chopopera madzi cha inki, ndipo ntchito yake ndikunyamula madzi mofanana kupita ku mbale yosindikizira. Ma roller opopera madzi amaphatikizaponso kunyamula madzi, kupititsa madzi, ndi kusindikiza. Pakadali pano, pali njira ziwiri zoperekera madzi za ma roller a madzi, imodzi mwa izo ndi kupereka madzi mosalekeza, yomwe imadalira chopopera madzi chopanda chivundikiro cha madzi, ndipo kupereka madzi kumachitika posintha liwiro la chopopera madzi cha chidebe. Njira yoyambirira yoperekera madzi inali yosalekeza, yomwe imadalira chopopera madzi cha chidebe chophimbidwa ndi chivundikiro cha madzi, ndipo chopopera madzi chozungulira kuti chipereke madzi. Njira yoperekera madzi mosalekeza ndi yoyenera kusindikiza mwachangu, ndipo njira yoperekera madzi yosalekeza yasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono.
3. Kapangidwe ka chopukutira rabara
Chimake cha mpukutu ndi zipangizo za rabara zogwiritsidwa ntchito kunja zimasiyana malinga ndi cholinga chake.
Kapangidwe ka pakati pa chozungulira kangakhale kopanda kanthu kapena kolimba kutengera momwe chimagwiritsidwira ntchito. Kulemera kwa chozungulira cha rabara nthawi zambiri kumafunika, kumakhudza kulemera kwa makina, kenako kumakhudza kukhazikika kwa kugwedezeka panthawi yogwira ntchito.
Ma roller ambiri a makina osindikizira a offset ndi ma roller opanda kanthu, omwe nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi mapaipi achitsulo osagwiritsa ntchito feng, ndipo mitu ya shaft mbali zonse ziwiri imalumikizidwa ku mapaipi achitsulo onse. Komabe, posachedwa, imapangidwanso ndi zinthu zopanda chitsulo, monga mapulasitiki olimbikitsidwa ndi ulusi wagalasi ndi zinthu zina za polima, zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa kulemera ndikuwonjezera liwiro logwirira ntchito komanso kukhazikika. Mwachitsanzo, makina ozungulira othamanga kwambiri ali ndi zitsanzo zogwiritsira ntchito.
4. Zipangizo za guluu wosanjikiza
Zipangizo za rabara zimakhala ndi mphamvu yaikulu pa magwiridwe antchito ndi ubwino wa rabara. Zipangizo zosiyanasiyana za rabara ziyenera kusankhidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana, monga kukana kuwonongeka, kukana kutentha, kukana kuzizira, kukana asidi, kukana mchere, kukana madzi ndi zina zotero. Palinso kuuma, kusinthasintha, mtundu, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zonse zimaperekedwa poyankha malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito komanso zosowa za makasitomala.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-10-2021
